Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms are present in almost all autonomous and robotic systems used in security applications, including facial recognition, biometrics, drones, and autonomous vehicles utilized in combat surveillance and military targeting applications. However, the data underlying these algorithms can be vulnerable to cyber attacks, which can result in incorrect predictions and serious security threats.
In a recent study conducted by researchers from CSIRO’s Data61 and the University of Melbourne, published in Nature Machine Intelligence, the integration of quantum computing with AI was explored to protect AI algorithms from cyber attacks. The study revealed that advances in quantum technology could be the game-changing technology required to secure these algorithms.
Quantum Computing and AI
Dr. Muhammad Usman, the lead senior author of the paper and team leader of Quantum Systems at CSIRO’s Data61, stated that quantum machine learning is one of the primary applications of quantum computing. By integrating quantum with machine learning, AI training could be accelerated, and robustness against cyber attacks could be enhanced.
Interest in quantum is surging worldwide, with the Australian Government launching the National Quantum Strategy on May 3, 2023. The strategy aims to position Australia as a leader in the global quantum industry by 2030, with quantum technologies expected to create an Australian quantum industry worth $6B by 2045.
Quantum computing is a new field of computing that stores information as “qubits” instead of binary “bits.” While a single bit can store or process information in the form of 0 and 1 on a conventional computer, a quantum qubit can be placed in a 0 or 1 state or represent both states simultaneously, also called superposition.
A second special property of quantum mechanics is known as entanglement, which allows qubits to interact with each other at long distances without any physical connection. This is called “spooky action at a distance,” as famously coined by Einstein.
Calculations or code-breaking functions that may take a conventional computer thousands of years could take only hours on a quantum computer.
The Future of Quantum and AI
As more industries incorporate AI, security will be paramount. Quantum technology could help ensure AI-powered technologies are resilient to attacks and may provide a competitive advantage for early adopters.
However, Usman cautions that quantum computers could also be used to generate powerful cyber attacks. Therefore, advanced error mitigation strategies and more sophisticated software and hardware will be necessary to combat quantum cyber threats.
The integration of quantum computing with AI has the potential to revolutionize the security of AI-powered technologies. With the Australian Government’s ambitious Quantum Future Science Platform and the National Quantum Strategy, quantum technology could help position Australia as a leader in the global quantum industry. The future of quantum and AI is exciting, with significant socio-economic and security implications for Australia and beyond.
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